Feast of Saint Michael the Archangel

Prayers to Saint Michael.

(A Sermon of Pope Saint Gregory the Great)

We speak of nine orders of Angels, because we know, by the testimony of Holy Scripture, that there are the following: Angels, Archangels, Virtues, Powers, Principalities, Dominations, Thrones, Cherubim and Seraphim. Nearly every page of Scripture witnesses to the fact that there are Angels and Archangels. The prophetic Books, as has been noted often, speak of Cherubim and Seraphim. Four more orders are enumerated by Saint Paul the Apostle, writing to the Ephesians, when he says, “Above all Principality, and Power, and Virtue, and Dominion (Domination).” And again, writing to the Colossians, he says, “Whether Thrones, or Dominations, or Principalities, or Powers.” When, then, we add the Thrones to those he mentions to the Ephesians, there are five orders, to which are to be added Angels, Archangels, Cherubim and Seraphim, certainly making nine orders of Angels in all.

It must be realized that “Angel” is the name of their office, not of their nature. For the holy Spirits of the heavenly homeland are always Spirits, but they cannot always be called Angels; they are Angels only when they are announcing something. And so the Psalmist (Psalm 103:4) says, “Who makest Thy Angels Spirits,” as if he said plainly that, when He wills, He uses as Messengers those Spirits who are always His. Those who announce less important things are called Angels, and those who announce the highest things are called Archangels. And so not any Angel but the Archangel Gabriel was sent to Mary; for this ministry, it was fitting to have the highest Angel, since he was to announce the greatest news to all. These Archangels are also given special names to describe their particular virtue. For Michael means “Who is like to God?” Gabriel means “Strength of God,” and Raphael “Medicine of God.”

Whenever something is to be done needing great power, Michael is sent forth so that from his action and his name we may understand that no one can do what God can do. Hence that old cruel enemy who through pride desired to be like God, saying, “I will ascend into Heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God, I will sit in the mountain of the covenant, in the sides of the north. I will ascend above the height of the clouds, I will be like the Most High,”(Isaias 14:13-14) is shown at the end of the world, left to his own strength and about to undergo the final punishment, as destined to

fight with Michael the Archangel, as Saint John says, “And there was a great battle in Heaven: Michael and his Angels fought with the dragon, and the dragon fought, and his angels: And they prevailed not, neither was their place found any more in Heaven.” (Apocalypse 12:7-8). Similarly, Gabriel was sent to Mary; he who is called “Strength of God” came to announce Him Who deigned to appear in humility to conquer the powers of the air. And Raphael is interpreted, as we said, “Medicine of God,” for when he touched the eyes of Tobias to do the work of healing, he dispelled the night of his blindness.